Which cell type is primarily responsible for creating antibodies in response to antigen exposure?

B lymphocytes, also known as B cells, are the primary cells responsible for the production of antibodies in response to antigen exposure. When B cells encounter a specific antigen, they undergo activation and differentiation into plasma cells, which are the effector form of B cells. These plasma cells secrete large quantities of antibodies that specifically bind to the antigen, neutralizing it or marking it for destruction by other immune cells.

This process is crucial for the adaptive immune response, as antibodies play a key role in identifying and targeting pathogens, toxins, and other foreign substances. The ability of B cells to remember previous exposures (through memory B cells) allows for a more rapid and effective response upon subsequent encounters with the same antigen, forming the basis of immunological memory.

Other cell types mentioned have distinct roles in the immune response but do not produce antibodies. Neutrophils primarily function as phagocytes that ingest and destroy pathogens. Basophils are involved in inflammatory responses and release histamine and other mediators, while T lymphocytes are crucial for cell-mediated immunity and can help activate B cells but do not produce antibodies themselves.