Which cells are crucial in immune regulation and destruction of helminths?

Eosinophils and basophils play significant roles in the immune response, particularly in the context of parasitic infections, including helminths (worms). Eosinophils are specialized white blood cells that respond to parasitic infections by releasing cytotoxic granules that contain enzymes and toxic proteins. These substances help to damage and kill helminths, which are larger parasites that are too big for phagocytosis.

Basophils, while less abundant, are also important in this context as they contribute to the inflammatory response through the release of histamine and other mediators. Their involvement enhances the recruitment of additional immune cells to the site of infection, facilitating a more robust immune response.

In contrast, neutrophils primarily target bacteria and fungi, while monocytes contribute to phagocytosis and antigen presentation. T and B lymphocytes are crucial for adaptive immunity, targeting specific pathogens but not directly involved in the immediate destruction of helminths like eosinophils do. Lastly, macrophages and dendritic cells are important in initiating immune responses and clearing cellular debris, but they are not specialized for helminth destruction in the same way that eosinophils are. Thus, the focus on eosinophils and basophils