Which option is an example of a transmembrane or integral membrane protein?

Glycophorin A is an example of a transmembrane or integral membrane protein because it spans the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane, with portions that extend into both the extracellular space and the cytoplasm. It is a glycoprotein found on the surface of red blood cells and plays a critical role in maintaining the structure of the cell membrane as well as serving as a receptor for various signals.

The other proteins listed serve different functions within the cell. Ankyrin and Spectrin are cytoskeletal proteins that help maintain the shape and integrity of cells but are not embedded in the membrane; they interact with integral membrane proteins and help anchor them to the cytoskeleton. Actin is primarily a component of the cytoskeleton involved in cell motility and structure, also not an integral membrane protein. Therefore, Glycophorin A stands out as the correct answer due to its role and location as part of the membrane configuration.